Skip to content
Question

Q.If ddx(f(x))=log⁡x\frac{d}{dx}(f(x)) = \log x, then f(x)f(x) equals:

(a) −1x+C-\frac{1}{x} + C
(b) x(log⁡x−1)+Cx(\log x - 1) + C
(c) x(log⁡x+x)+Cx(\log x + x) + C
(d) 1x+C\frac{1}{x} + C
CBSECBSE Class XII Board 2023MCQ· 1mImportance★★★★★
🔒 Locked · start free trial →

You're viewing a preview — the full solution, concept, methods & PYQ mapping are locked.

Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →

We need to integrate log⁡x\log x with respect to xx. Using integration by parts with u=log⁡xu = \log x and dv=dxdv = dx, we find f(x)=x(log⁡x−1)+Cf(x) = x(\log x - 1) + C.

When we're told that the derivative of f(x)f(x) equals log⁡x\log x, we're being asked to find the antiderivative—that is, to integrate. The question becomes: what function, when differentiated, gives us log⁡x\log x?

The integral ∫log⁡x dx\int \log x \, dx isn't immediately obvious because log⁡x\log x doesn't fit any basic integration formula. This is a classic candidate for integration by parts, which comes from the product rule for differentiation.

∫u dv=uv−∫v du\int u \, dv = uv - \int v \, du

The strategy is to write log⁡x\log x as a product where one factor is easy to integrate. We choose:

  • u=log⁡xu = \log x (which simplifies when differentiated)
  • dv=dxdv = dx (the simplest possible choice)

Now let's work through the integration:

  1. Differentiate uu and integrate dvdv:

    • du=1x dxdu = \frac{1}{x} \, dx
    • v=xv = x
  2. Apply the integration by parts formula:

∫log⁡x dx=(log⁡x)⋅x−∫x⋅1x dx\int \log x \, dx = (\log x) \cdot x - \int x \cdot \frac{1}{x} \, dx

  1. Simplify the remaining integral: The second term becomes: …

Unlock everything free for 14 days

  • Full step-by-step solutions
  • Concept-first explanations
  • Methods, shortcuts & mistakes
  • PYQ mapping + timed mock tests

Full access for 14 days. No credit card required.