Q.Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the image formation in a refracting astronomical telescope and explain it. Define its magnifying power and write expression for it. OR Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the image formation in a compound microscope and explain it. Define its magnifying power and write expression for it.
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The objective forms a small real image of a distant object at its focus; the eyepiece then magnifies that image as a simple magnifier. Magnifying power = fo/fe.
Ray diagram and explanation (astronomical/refracting telescope, normal adjustment): A distant object sends nearly parallel rays into the large-aperture, long-focal-length OBJECTIVE lens. These parallel rays converge and form a small, real, INVERTED image A′B′ at the objective's focus, Fo (draw: parallel rays from a distant object entering a converging objective lens on the left, converging to a small inverted image A′B′ at the objective's focal point Fo; from A′B′, diverging rays enter a second converging lens, the eyepiece, positioned so that A′B′ lies at (or just inside) the eyepiece's focal point Fe; the eyepiece then produces a large, virtual, further-inverted image at infinity, viewed by the eye placed just behind the eyepiece).
In NORMAL ADJUSTMENT, the eyepiece is positioned so that the image A′B′ formed by the objective lies exactly at the eyepiece's own focal point; the eyepiece then acts as a simple magnifier, producing the final image at infinity, which the relaxed eye can view comfortably.
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