Q.Which human blood group is called Universal Donor and why? OR What is double circulation? Write its importance.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Blood group O is the Universal Donor because its red blood cells lack both A and B surface antigens, so they will not be attacked by anti-A or anti-B antibodies in a recipient of any ABO blood group.
In the ABO blood grouping system, red blood cells may carry antigen A, antigen B, both (AB), or neither (O) on their surface, and the plasma correspondingly contains antibodies against whichever antigens are absent from that person's own RBCs (e.g. group A plasma has anti-B antibodies, group B plasma has anti-A antibodies, group AB plasma has neither antibody, and group O plasma has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies).
Since a transfusion reaction occurs when a recipient's antibodies bind to and clump (agglutinate) antigens present on the donor's red blood cells, the safety of a transfusion depends on the donor's RBC antigens, not the donor's plasma antibodies (in a simple transfusion, donor plasma is diluted enough in the recipient's larger blood volume that it usually does not cause major reaction).
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