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Applied Mathematics · Ch 5 — Differential Equations and Modeling

Formation of a Differential Equation

5.11

Formation of a Differential Equation

So far you've learned what a differential equation is and what its solution looks like. Now turn the process around: given a family of curves — infinitely many curves sharing the same shape but differing in the values of one or more parameters — can you find the single differential equation that every member of that family satisfies?

Take the family of all circles centred at a fixed point, say (2,3)(2, 3), with a fixed radius, say 55. Differentiating the equation of this circle once with respect to xx eliminates the centre and radius from the equation and leaves behind a differential equation — one that every circle sharing that centre and radius satisfies.

Now take the family of straight lines y=mx+cy = mx + c, where mm (the slope) and cc (the yy-intercept) are parameters: choosing different values of mm and cc traces out different members of the family. Since this family has two arbitrary constants, differentiating once is not enough to eliminate both. Differentiating y=mx+cy = mx + c once removes cc but leaves mm behind; differentiating a second time removes mm as well, giving

d2ydx2=0\dfrac{d^2y}{dx^2} = 0 …