Q.Distinguish between internal and external sources of recruitment on the basis of

Cost, time, and morale are three of the clearest, most commonly tested points of contrast between the two source types.

1. Cost: Internal sources are generally cheaper, since there is no cost of advertising or agency fees — the vacancy is filled from among employees already on the payroll. External sources are generally costlier, involving expenses such as media advertisement charges, placement agency fees, and campus recruitment costs.
2. Time taken: Internal sources are usually quicker, since the pool of candidates (existing employees) is already known and readily available for transfer or promotion. External sources typically take longer, since sourcing, advertising, screening, and inducting an outside candidate all add time before the vacancy is genuinely filled. …

Assuming external sources always improve morale because they bring "new blood" — in reality, the effect on morale depends on the perspective: existing employees hoping for promotion are often …