Q.What is meant by job portals ?

Advertisement is an external source of recruitment, so the correct answer is option (d).

Explanation:

• Advertisement (in newspapers, magazines, websites, etc.) invites applications from candidates outside the organisation, so it is an external source of recruitment. It reaches a wide pool of potential applicants who are not already employees.
• (b) Internal sources (promotion, transfer) draw candidates from within the organisation, which advertisement is not. …

Advertisement brings in candidates from outside the firm, so it is an external source of recruitment — option (d).

Sources of recruitment are of two broad types. Internal sources fill vacancies from among people already working in the organisation (through promotion, transfer, etc.). External sources bring in fresh candidates from outside — for example, advertisements, employment exchanges, campus recruitment and placement agencies.

…

E-recruitment depends on the Internet; the answer is option (c).

E-recruitment (online recruitment) is the use of web-based tools — company websites, job portals and social media — to advertise vacancies, receive applications and shortlist candidates. All of this requires access to the Internet, which connects employers and job seekers across the world.

…

Upgrading is an internal source while the rest are external sources, so the odd one out is option (b).

Sources of recruitment are classified as internal (from within the organisation) and external (from outside). Upgrading — promoting or moving an existing employee to a higher-grade job — is an internal source.

…