Q.Find out from the office of the Registrar of Companies, the actual procedure for formation of companies. Does it match with what you have studied. What are the obstacles which companies face in getting themselves registered.

How to do it:

• Gather the real procedure: approach the office/website of the Registrar of Companies (ROC) under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and note the actual steps — name reservation, obtaining DIN and digital signatures, filing incorporation forms, and receiving the Certificate of Incorporation and CIN.
• Compare with theory: match each real step against the studied stages — promotion, incorporation and capital subscription — and note where the practical online process differs from the textbook sequence. …

What to do

• Step 1 — Reach the source: approach the Registrar of Companies (ROC) for your state (in person, by letter, or through the Ministry of Corporate Affairs website). You can also speak to a practising company secretary or chartered accountant who files incorporation documents.
• Step 2 — Record the actual procedure: note each real step in order. Typically this includes reserving the company name, obtaining a Director Identification Number (DIN) and digital signatures for the proposed directors, filing the incorporation application with the Memorandum and Articles and the supporting documents, paying the fee, and receiving the Certificate of Incorporation with the Corporate Identity Number (CIN).

What to look for — does it match what you studied?

• Map the real steps onto the studied stages: Promotion (name approval, fixing signatories, preparing Memorandum/Articles and consent of directors), Incorporation (filing with the Registrar and obtaining the Certificate of Incorporation), and, for a public company raising public funds, Capital Subscription (SEBI approval, prospectus, minimum subscription, allotment).
• Note the differences: the practical process today is largely online and integrated, so some formalities are combined into single forms, and steps such as DIN allotment and name reservation are done digitally rather than by separate paper applications.

Obstacles companies face in getting registered (things to record)

• Name problems: the chosen name being identical to or too similar to an existing company, being misleading, or violating the rules on improper use of protected names/emblems — leading to rejection and re-application.
• Documentation issues: incomplete, incorrectly stamped or improperly signed Memorandum/Articles, missing consents or declarations, and errors in forms.
• Procedural/technical delays: obtaining DIN and digital signatures, approvals from the Registrar, and technical glitches in online filing. …