Q.Define the bond length.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Bond length is the equilibrium internuclear distance between two bonded atoms, at which the net attractive and repulsive forces balance to give the lowest (most stable) potential energy for the bond.
When two atoms approach each other to form a covalent bond, there is an attractive force (between the nucleus of one atom and the electrons of the other, and from the shared electron pair) and a repulsive force (between the two nuclei, and between the electron clouds). As the atoms come closer, the attractive force initially dominates and the potential energy of the system falls. But if they come too close, nucleus-nucleus and electron-electron repulsion dominates and energy rises sharply. The distance at which the system's potential energy is minimum -- i.e., where attraction and repulsion are balanced -- is the bond length. It is experime …
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