EVALUATION

This closing Evaluation set draws on every major theme covered in the chapter. It opens with an assertion-reason question testing the chemiosmotic basis of ATP synthesis and the correct location of the Oxygen Evolving Complex, moves through pigment chemistry (which chlorophyll type lacks a phytol tail), the correct order of carriers in the non-cyclic Z-scheme electron pathway, and the precise ATP/NADPH bookkeeping of one turn of the Calvin (C3) cycle. It then tests careful reading of which photosystem does what during the light reaction, applies action-spectrum reasoning to compare photosynthetic rate under two different light-wavelength treatments, and checks whether a student can correctly reason that oxygen evolution (unlike respiration) cannot happen at night because it depends on light. The set closes with three connected physiology questions on the C4 pathway and photorespiration: the adaptive mechanism grasses use to avoid photorespiratory losses, the apparent cont …