Skip to content

Mathematics · Ch 6 — Two Dimensional Analytical Geometry

Family of Lines

6.4.5

Family of Lines

A family of lines is the set of all lines satisfying one common stated condition. Even though the equation of a straight line ax+by+c=0ax+by+c=0 shows three symbols a,b,ca,b,c, dividing through by whichever of a,ba,b is nonzero shows the equation genuinely has only two independent arbitrary constants (e.g. rewritten as Ax+y+C=0Ax+y+C=0, or as y=mx+by=mx+b) — so a straight line's equation always needs exactly two independent conditions to pin it down uniquely, never more, never fewer.

Imposing just one linear relation among those two constants leaves a single free constant, called the parameter; the resulting infinite collection of lines (one for each value of the parameter) is called a one-parameter family of lines, and the free constant is the parameter of the family. Leaving both constants free (subject only to the original single condition defining a line) gives a two-parameter family. …