(a) COGS = 90,000 + 10,000 = ₹1,00,000; GP = 2,50,000 − 1,00,000 = ₹1,50,000 → GP ratio 60%; NP ₹75,000 → NP ratio 30%. (b) Five uses of computerised accounting — records, financial statements, inventory, payroll, reports.

(a) Profitability ratios of Mukesh Ltd.

Both ratios are computed on Revenue from operations = ₹2,50,000 (other income of ₹20,000 is not part of operating revenue).

Step 1 — Cost of goods sold (COGS) = Purchase of stock in trade + Changes in inventories

$= 90,000 + 10,000 = ₹1,00,000$

Step 2 — Gross profit = Revenue from operations − COGS

$= 2,50,000 - 1,00,000 = ₹1,50,000$

1. Gross Profit Ratio $= \frac{\text{Gross profit}}{\text{Revenue from operations}} \times 100 = \frac{1,50,000}{2,50,000} \times 100 = 60\%$
2. Net Profit Ratio (net profit = Profit for the year ₹75,000) $= \frac{\text{Net profit}}{\text{Revenue from operations}} \times 100 = \frac{75,000}{2,50,000} \times 100 = 30\%$

OR (b) Any five applications of Computerised Accounting Systems

1. Maintaining accounting records — recording journals, posting to ledgers and preparing the trial balance automatically once vouchers are entered.
2. Preparation of financial statements — Trading A/c, Profit & Loss A/c and Balance Sheet are generated instantly and accurately.
3. Inventory (stock) management — tracking receipts, issues, closing stock and reorder levels for each item. …