Q.Explain the steps involved in the process of organising.

Organising follows a definite sequence, moving from identifying the total work to be done down to establishing who reports to whom.

1. Identification and division of work — the total work necessary to achieve the organisation's objectives is identified and broken down into smaller, manageable, related activities so that no important task is left out and no unnecessary duplication occurs.

2. Departmentalisation — related or similar activities are grouped together into units or departments, based on some suitable basis such as function, product, or territory (e.g. all activities relating to sales grouped under a marketing department).

3. Assignment of duties — the work of each department is allocated to specific individuals in the department, matching each individual's capability to the requirements of the specific job.

4. Establishing reporting relationships — clear superior-subordinate relationships are created among the individuals, so every person knows who they are accountable to and who is accountable to them, forming the chain of command that lets the organisation function as an integrated whole rather than a set of disconnected jobs.

Confusing departmentalisation (grouping similar activities into units) with assignment of duties (allocating that grouped work to specific individuals) — these are two separate, sequential steps.