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Question 91 of 105

Q.The value of Var(3)\text{Var}(3) is :

(a) 00
(b) 33
(c) Var(3)\text{Var}(3)
(d) 99
Tamil Nadu DgeTamil Nadu HSC (DGE) Board 2024MCQ· 1mImportance★★★★★
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Concept understanding — Mathematical Expectation and Variance

Mean (Definition 11.8): for a random variable XX with pmf/pdf f(x)f(x),

E(X)=∑xxf(x)  (discrete)orE(X)=∫−∞∞xf(x) dx  (continuous).E(X)=\sum_x x f(x)\ \ (\text{discrete})\qquad\text{or}\qquad E(X)=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} x f(x)\,dx\ \ (\text{continuous}).

E(X)E(X) generalises the plain numerical average, weighting each value by its true probability rather than by 1n\tfrac1n; it need not be a value XX can actually take, and is best read as the long-run average over many repetitions. Theorem 11.3 extends this to any function g(X)g(X): E(g(X))=∑xg(x)f(x)E(g(X))=\sum_x g(x)f(x) or ∫g(x)f(x) dx\int g(x)f(x)\,dx; taking g(X)=Xkg(X)=X^k gives the kk-th moment E(Xk)E(X^k).

Variance (Definition 11.9): V(X)=E((X−E(X))2)V(X)=E\big((X-E(X))^2\big), with the far more usable computing form

V(X)=E(X2)−(E(X))2.V(X)=E(X^2)-\big(E(X)\big)^2.

Standard deviation is σ=V(X)\sigma=\sqrt{V(X)}; both are always ≥0\ge0. A smaller σ2\sigma^2 means values cluster tightly around the mean; a larger σ2\sigma^2 means they scatter more widely — even distributions sharing the same mean can differ sharply here. …

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