Q.Bioactive molecule Cyclosporin A used for human welfare is derived from : (A) Propionibacterium sharmanii (B) Monascus purpureus (C) Trichoderma polysporum (D) Aspergillus niger

Cyclosporin A is a crucial bioactive molecule used as an immunosuppressive agent. It is particularly vital in organ transplant patients to prevent the rejection of the transplanted organ by modulating the immune response. This important compound is derived from the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. The other options are incorrect: Propionibacterium sharmanii is used in Swiss cheese production, Monascus purpureus produces statins, and *Aspergillus n …

Microbes, often associated with disease, play an incredibly diverse and beneficial role in human welfare, extending far beyond our initial perceptions. Among their many contributions is the production of a wide array of bioactive molecules, which are substances that have a specific effect on living organisms. These molecules have revolutionized medicine and various industries, offering solutions to complex health challenges.

One such vital bioactive molecule is Cyclosporin A. Its discovery marked a significant breakthrough in medical science, particularly in the field of organ transplantation. When a patient receives an organ from a donor, their immune system naturally recognizes the new organ as "foreign" and mounts an attack to reject it. This immune response, while essential for fighting infections, becomes a major hurdle in successful transplantation.

The remarkable ability to produce Cyclosporin A is found in a specific microorganism. This molecule is derived from the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. This particular fungus synthesizes Cyclosporin A as part of its natural metabolic processes, and scientists have harnessed this capability for therapeutic use.

Let's briefly consider the other options provided, as they also represent microbes known for producing other important substances, as per NCERT: …