Q.With two named examples, describe how plant breeding has been used in India to develop crop varieties resistant to disease or of improved yield.

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Examples: Himgiri wheat (rust resistance); hybrid North Indian sugarcane canes (higher yield from S. barberi x S. officinarum). …

Indian plant breeding has produced several named varieties that illustrate disease resistance or yield improvement in practice. The wheat variety Himgiri was developed through hybridization and selection specifically to resist leaf rust and stripe rust, two major fungal diseases affecting wheat in the Himalayan and hill wheat-growing tracts, directly meeting the biotic-stress-resistance objective of plant breeding. In sugarcane, breeders crossed the thin-stemmed but locally hardy North Indian species Saccharum barberi with the thick-stemmed, high-sugar-yield but comparatively tender tropical species Saccharum officinarum, producing hybrid canes that bring the higher sugar yield of the tropical parent into North Indian growing conditions without losing the ha …

Name two genuine Indian examples and, for each, state the specific objective (disease resistance o …

Naming a variety without stating which specific trait it was bred to improve -- simply naming 'Himgiri' or 'hybrid sugarcane' is incomplete without connecting it to the …