Q.Differentiate between predation and parasitism, giving one example of each.

The key difference is that predation is quick and typically fatal, while parasitism is prolonged.

Predation is an interaction in which one species, the predator, actively hunts, kills, and consumes another species, the prey, in a single encounter — a lion killing and eating a deer is a classic example, and the interaction ends with the prey's death. Parasitism, by contrast, is a more prolonged, one-sided relationship in which a parasite lives on or inside a host and draws nourishment from it over an extended period, typically weakening but not immediately killing the host — a tapeworm living in the human intestine is a standard example. Both interactions are (+, −), benefiting one species at the other's expense, but predation is quick and usually fatal to the individual prey, while parasitism is a sustained drain that a host can often survive for a long time.

Contrast the two on TWO axes: (1) duration of the interaction (brief vs prolonged) and (2) outcome for the victim (usually dies vs usually survives) — this two-axis comparison is what a full-marks answer needs.

Do not say parasitism always kills the host — a parasite that quickly kills every host would run out of hosts to exploit, so most parasites are adapted to keep the host alive, at least for a while.