Q.Explain simple random sampling. Describe how the lottery method is used to draw a random sample, with a suitable example.

Simple random sampling is the most basic probability sampling method, and the lottery method is its simplest hands-on technique.

Simple Random Sampling (SRS) is a probability sampling method in which every unit of the population has an equal chance of being selected, and every possible sample of the required size has an equal chance of being chosen. It can be done with replacement (SRSWR), where a drawn unit is returned before the next draw, or without replacement (SRSWOR), the more common practice in business surveys, where a drawn unit is not returned.

Lottery method: each unit of the population is written on an identical slip of paper (same size, shape, and folding, so no slip can be distinguished by feel or sight); the slips are placed in a container and mixed thoroughly; the required number of slips is then drawn blindly, one at a time. …

An alternative technique is the random number table method: units are numbered serially from 1 to N, and the required sample is read off from a random number table (or a compu …

Mixing the slips insufficiently, or using slips of different sizes/textures for different units, both of which secretly bias the …