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Q.If y=(tan⁡−1x)2y=(\tan^{-1} x)^2 then show that (x2+1)2y2+2x(x2+1)y1=2(x^2+1)^2 y_2 + 2x(x^2+1)y_1 = 2.

Karnataka PUCKarnataka II PUC Board 2025Subjective· 5mImportance★★★★★
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Differentiate y=(tan⁡−1x)2y=(\tan^{-1}x)^2 twice, clearing denominators each time, to obtain the required identity.

Step 1 — First derivative.

y=(tan⁡−1x)2 ⇒ y1=dydx=2tan⁡−1x⋅11+x2.y=(\tan^{-1}x)^2\ \Rightarrow\ y_1=\frac{dy}{dx}=2\tan^{-1}x\cdot\frac{1}{1+x^2}.

Multiply both sides by (1+x2)(1+x^2):

(1+x2) y1=2tan⁡−1x.(⋆)(1+x^2)\,y_1=2\tan^{-1}x.\qquad(\star)

Step 2 — Differentiate (⋆)(\star) again (product rule on the left):

(1+x2) y2+2x y1=2⋅11+x2.(1+x^2)\,y_2+2x\,y_1=2\cdot\frac{1}{1+x^2}. …

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