Q.Define demography. State any two reasons why economists study population.

Demography studies population's size, growth, and composition; economists study it because population is both the economy's labour force and its market.

Give the definition, then pick any two reasons from the section above.

Demography is the systematic study of human population — its size, growth, composition

(age, sex, literacy, occupation), and distribution, and of the births, deaths, and migration

that change it over time.

Reasons economists study population (any two of the following are acceptable):

1. Population supplies the labour force that produces a country's output and is also the market that consumes it.
2. A population's size and growth rate determine how much of any rise in national output must go toward supporting more people before per capita income can actually rise.
3. Accurate population data and projections are essential for planning how many schools, hospitals, houses, and jobs a country needs to build.