Q.State any four causes of the high birth rate in India.

India's high birth rate reflects factors such as early/universal marriage, historically low female literacy, son preference, and children being seen as economic assets.

Four causes (any four of the following are acceptable) of the persistently high birth rate in

India:

1. Early marriage and universal marriage norms, which extend a woman's reproductive years and raise the likely number of children per couple.
2. Historically low female literacy and education, since education (especially of women) is one of the strongest factors reducing family size by delaying marriage and raising family- planning awareness.
3. Preference for a large family / son preference, which has historically led some families to keep having children until a son is born.
4. Children seen as economic assets — as additional farm labour and as informal old-age …