Q.Ravi receives an email that appears to be from his bank, asking him to click a link and confirm his account number and password. Identify the type of cyber crime and state two precautions he should take.

An email pretending to be from a bank and asking for passwords is a classic fraud pattern.

Identifying the crime: The email pretends to be from a trusted organisation (the bank) and tries to trick Ravi into revealing confidential information (account number and password) by clicking a link to a fake website. This is the classic pattern of phishing — a fraud that can amount to cheating by personation and identity-related offences under the IT Act (e.g. Sections 66C/66D).

Precautions Ravi should take (any two):

1. Do not click the link and do not share credentials — genuine banks never ask for passwords or full card details by email or SMS.
2. Verify independently — contact the bank through its official app, website typed directly, or a printed helpline number, not the contact details given in the suspicious email. …

Calling this 'hacking' is imprecise — no system was broken into; the victim is being tricked into giving up information, which is phishing. Also, 'reply and ask if it is genuine' is wrong a …