Ch 8Introduction to Management — Class 11 Organisation of Commerce and Management, concept-first.

Every organisation, whatever it produces or sells, needs someone to decide what to do, arrange the people and resources to do it, and see that it actually gets done well.

In the simplest possible terms, management is the process of getting things done, through and with people, by efficiently using the organisation's resources to achieve its goals.

Management, across every kind of organisation it is found in, consistently shows the same set of core characteristics:

A long-running debate among management writers asks: is management really a science, an art, or a profession? The honest answer is that management shows genuine characteristics of all three, without b…

Management matters to every organisation for several concrete reasons:

In any organisation of reasonable size, management is not one single, uniform job — it is organised into a hierarchy of levels, each with a different mix of responsibilities.

What does a manager, at any level, actually spend their time doing? Management writers group a manager's work into a set of core functions.

The words "administration" and "management" are often used loosely as if they mean the same thing, but the classic distinction taught in this unit separates them by the LEVEL and TYPE of work involved…