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Exercise · Q31

Q.Observe the following figures and label the different parts.

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Concept understanding — The Flower

The flower is a highly modified, condensed shoot for sexual reproduction, borne axillary or terminally, built on a thalamus of four compact nodes and three condensed internodes, each node producing a whorl of modified leaves. A flower with a bract is bracteate, without one ebracteate; with a pedicel it is pedicellate, without one sessile. By whorl completeness a flower is complete (all four whorls present) or incomplete; by reproductive parts it is perfect/bisexual/monoclinous (both androecium and gynoecium present) or imperfect/unisexual/diclinous (only one present, i.e. staminate or pistillate), or neuter if both reproductive whorls are absent (e.g. marigold ray florets). A monoecious plant bears both sexes on one plant (Maize); a dioecious plant bears only one sex per individual (Date palm, Papaya); a polygamous plant bears staminate, bisexual and neuter flowers together (Mango). By symmetry, a zygomorphic flower is bilaterally symmetrical, cuttable into mirror halves along only one plane (Sweet pea), while an actinomorphic flower is radially symm …

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