Q.Define a. Solvent extraction b. Distillation.

Solvent extraction pulls an organic substance out of an aqueous solution by shaking it with an organic solvent in which the substance is more soluble than it is in water. The organic solvent must be immiscible with water, so shaking and settling produces two distinct layers; the solute then distributes itself between the two immiscible liquids, transferring preferentially into the organic layer because it is more soluble there. Shaking the aqueous layer with several small volumes of fresh organic solvent, in turn, extracts most of the solute; the organic solvent is finally removed from the extract by distillation, leaving the recovered solute behind. …