Q.Write a note on In-situ and Ex-situ conservation.
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →In-situ conservation protects species and their whole ecosystem in the wild; ex-situ conservation safeguards individual species artificially outside their natural habitat.
In-situ ('on site') conservation is the protection of endangered species and biodiversity within their own natural habitat, by legally designating and managing protected areas such as national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves and community-protected sacred groves. Its major advantage is that it conserves not just the target species but the entire ecosystem and the natural interactions and evolutionary/ecological processes occurring among all its resident species, at relatively low long-term cost, though it depends on the availability of sufficiently large, undisturbed habitat and strong protection from poaching/encroachment. Ex-situ ('off site') conservation, in contrast, involves conserving components of biodiversity outside their natural habitats, in facilities specifically created and managed for that purpose — such as zoological parks and aquaria (for animals), botanical gardens (for plants), and especially seed banks/gene banks, cryopreservation of gametes/embryos, and tissue-culture gene banks that can preserve genetic material for very long periods in a small space. Ex-situ methods are particularl …
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