Q.Who proposed the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane?

The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson.

• Their model, put forward in 1972, describes the membrane's lipid as quasi-fluid, allowing proteins embedded in it to move laterally.
• This lateral mobility is what gives the membrane its "fluidity", which matters for processes like cell growth, secretion, endocytosis and cell division. …

Once chemical studies, especially on human red blood cells, had established that the membrane was built mainly of lipids and proteins, the next question was how these components were actually arranged and how the membrane behaved as a working structure. Singer and Nicolson answered this with their fluid mosaic model, describing the lipid bilayer as having a quasi-fluid character that allows the proteins scattered through it to move laterally, rather than staying rigidly fixed in place. This freedom of movement, called the membrane's fluidity, underlies several cellular processes, including cell growth, the formation of junctions between cells, secretion, endocytosis and cell division. …

Method: Attributing a Model to Its Proposers by Recalling the Model's Own Description

Discovery/attribution questions are best answered by recalling the model's defining description alongside the names, rather than memorising names in isolation -- "fluid mosaic" is a description of the membrane's own behaviour (fluid lipid, mosaic of proteins), and tying that description to the scientists who proposed it (Singer and Nicolson, 1972) makes the fact much stickier than a bare name-year pairing. …