Q.Explain the structure and function of different types of RNA
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Step 1. Shared background. All RNA is a single-stranded polymer of ribonucleotides (using the base uracil in place of DNA's thymine), and is generally less stable than the double-stranded DNA molecule.
Step 2. Messenger RNA (mRNA). Carries a copy of the genetic instructions from DNA for assembling a protein's amino-acid sequence. It is highly unstable and makes up only about 5% of total cellular RNA. Prokaryotic mRNA is often polycistronic (codes for several polypeptides on one transcript), while eukaryotic mRNA is typically monocistronic (codes for just one polypeptide).
Step 3. Transfer RNA (tRNA). Sometimes called soluble RNA, reads (translates) the code carried by mRNA and physically delivers the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into the growing polypeptide chain. It folds into an elaborate three-dimensional structure and makes up about 15% of total RNA. …
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