Question 12 of 22
Q.Read the following sentences and identify the correctly matched sentences.
(i) In exarch condition, the protoxylem lies outside of metaxylem.
(ii) In endarch condition, the protoxylem lie towards the centre.
(iii) In centarch condition, metaxylem lies in the middle of the protoxylem.
(iv) In mesarch condition, protoxylem lies in the middle of the metaxylem.
(a) (i),
(ii) and
(iii) only
(b) (ii),
(iii) and
(iv) only
(c) (i),
(ii) and
(iv) only
(d) (i), (ii),
(iii) and (iv)
Tamil Nadu DgeTamil Nadu HSC First Year (DGE) Board 2020MCQ· 1mImportance★★★★★
55% · 12/22 Questions
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →Exarch = protoxylem outside/peripheral (roots); Endarch = protoxylem toward the centre (stems); Mesarch/Centrarch = protoxylem centrally placed and surrounded by metaxylem (pteridophytes) — statement (iii) incorrectly swaps protoxylem and metaxylem's positions for centrarch, so only (i), (ii), and (iv) are correctly matched.
Go through each statement using the standard definitions of xylem maturation (protoxylem-to-metaxylem) patterns:
- "In exarch condition, the protoxylem lies outside of metaxylem" — TRUE. Exarch xylem, typical of roots, matures centripetally: protoxylem differentiates first toward the periphery, and metaxylem matures later, toward the centre.
- "In endarch condition, the protoxylem lie towards the centre" — TRUE. Endarch xylem, typical of stems, matures centrifugally: protoxylem lies toward the centre (pith side) and metaxylem lies toward the periphery.
- "In centrarch condition, metaxylem lies in the middle of the protoxylem" — FALSE as worded. In the centrarch condition (found in some pteridophyte stems, e.g. Lycopodium/Psilotum), it is the PROTOXYLEM that occupies the very centre, with metaxylem maturing around it (centrifugally). The statement has the two reversed. …
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