Q.Distinguish between an Annual General Meeting (AGM) and an Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM).

Companies hold two broad kinds of general meetings — one that happens on a fixed annual schedule, and another that is called only when urgent business cannot wait. …

An Annual General Meeting (AGM), governed by Section 96 of the Companies Act, 2013, is a meeting that every company (other than a One Person Company) must hold once every year without fail. Its timing is strictly regulated: the first AGM must be held within 9 months of the end of the company's first financial year, every subsequent AGM within 6 months of the end of the relevant financial year, and the gap between two AGMs must never exceed 15 months. The AGM's business is typically routine and recurring — adopting the annual financial statements, declaring dividends, and appointing or reappointing directors and auditors.

An Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM), governed by Section 100, is, by definition, any general meeting other than the AGM. It is called specifically to deal with urgent or special business that genuinely cannot be postponed until the next scheduled AGM. An EGM can be called in two ways: the Board of Directors may decide on its own that a matter needs immediate shareholder input, or the members themselves may force one by requisitioning it — members holding a specified minimum shareholding can require the Board to call an EGM, and if the Board fails to do so, the requisitioning members may call it themselves. …

A frequent error is treating the AGM and EGM as differing only in name, without noting the AGM's fixed annual timing rules v …