Q.Find the wrongly matched pair.

World Animal Day falls on 4 October, an international observance for animal welfare and wildlife awareness.

World Animal Day is an international observance held on 4 October every year to raise awareness about animal welfare and the conservation of wildlife. It is not tied to a single NCERT biology topic but is thematically closest to the conservation-awareness ideas covered under biodiversity conservation (e.g., protecting endangered species, animal welfare, habitat protection).

The Earth Summit, a landmark international meet on biodiversity conservation and sustainable development, was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992.

The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), popularly called the Earth Summit, was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992.

• Political leaders, senior government officials, diplomats, scientists, media personnel, and NGO representatives from 179 countries participated.

• The summit called upon all nations to adopt strategies for sustainable development and led to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), which came into force in 1993.

• This Earth Summit was followed up ten years later by the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg, South Africa (2002).

Conservation International's biodiversity-hotspot criteria (high endemism plus severe habitat loss) have identified 34 hotspot regions globally.

A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region that is both a significant reservoir of biodiversity (harbouring a high proportion of endemic species found nowhere else) and under serious threat from habitat destruction. Applying these criteria, conservation scientists (led by Conservation International) have identified 34 such hotspots worldwide, distributed across various continents. India contributes to this list through regions such as the Himalaya, the Indo-Burma region, the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka, and Sundaland.

The World Summit on Sustainable Development, also called the 'Earth Summit 2002' or 'Rio+10', was held in Johannesburg, South Africa.

The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) was held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was a follow-up to the 1992 Rio Earth Summit (UN Conference on Environment and Development), held ten years earlier, and is therefore often referred to as 'Rio+10'. World leaders reaffirmed their commitment to sustainable development, including the conservation of biological diversity.

The correct patent term in India is 20 years -- but none of this question's listed options (3/4/5/6 years) is actually correct.

Under India's Patents Act, 1970, as amended (1999-2005) to bring it into compliance with the WTO's TRIPS agreement, the term of a patent -- including for biotechnology and pharmaceutical inventions -- is uniformly 20 years from the date of filing the application. This is the same true fact tested (correctly, with 20 years offered as an option) elsewhere in this same paper series. Here, however, the four listed options are 3, 4, 5 and 6 years, none of which is the legally correct duration. Rather than force-fit an answer to one of these incorrect options, the honest response is to state the real fact (20 years) and flag that the option set for this particular question appears to be a transcription/printing error in the source paper rather than a genuine four-way choice containing the correct answer.

An Indian patent runs for 20 years from the filing date.

After India's Patents Act, 1970 was amended (1999/2002/2005 amendments to comply with the WTO's TRIPS agreement), patent protection -- including for inventions in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals -- was made uniform at 20 years from the date of filing the application, after which the invention passes into the public domain.