Q.Differentiate between divergent evolution and convergent evolution with one example for each.

Evolution is supported by several independent categories of evidence that converge on the same conclusion. Paleontological evidence comes from fossils and their three modes of formation (actual remains, petrifaction, natural moulds/casts), dated by relative or radiometric methods. Comparative anatomical evidence compares internal structure: homologous organs (same origin, different function, e.g. vertebrate forelimbs — divergent evolution) versus analogous organs (different origin, same function, e.g. insect and bird wings — convergent evolution), plus vestigial organs (functionless remnants, e.g. the human appendix), connecting links (transitional forms like Archaeopteryx) and atavistic organs (ancestral traits resurfacing, e.g. a human tail). Embryological evidence draws on the similarity of early vertebrate em …