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Q.If the points whose position vectors are 3iˉ−2jˉ−kˉ3\bar{i} - 2\bar{j} - \bar{k}, 2iˉ+3jˉ−4kˉ2\bar{i} + 3\bar{j} - 4\bar{k} and 4iˉ+5jˉ+λkˉ4\bar{i} + 5\bar{j} + \lambda\bar{k} are coplanar, then show that : λ=−14617\lambda = \dfrac{-146}{17}.

Telangana TsbieTelangana Board of Intermediate Education (Intermediate 1st Year) 2020Subjective· 4mImportance★★★★★
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Three vectors from the origin are coplanar exactly when their scalar triple product is zero; solving that condition for λ\lambda with the vectors as given in the stem yields λ=−9413\lambda=-\dfrac{94}{13}, not the −14617-\dfrac{146}{17} printed in the stem — flagged honestly below rather than forcing the arithmetic.

Method. Vectors aˉ,bˉ,cˉ\bar a,\bar b,\bar c (from a common origin) are coplanar iff their scalar triple product aˉ⋅(bˉ×cˉ)=0\bar a\cdot(\bar b\times\bar c)=0, i.e. the determinant of their components is zero.

Given aˉ=3iˉ−2jˉ−kˉ\bar a=3\bar i-2\bar j-\bar k, bˉ=2iˉ+3jˉ−4kˉ\bar b=2\bar i+3\bar j-4\bar k, cˉ=4iˉ+5jˉ+λkˉ\bar c=4\bar i+5\bar j+\lambda\bar k.

Step 1. Set up the determinant:

∣3−2−123−445λ∣=0\begin{vmatrix}3&-2&-1\\2&3&-4\\4&5&\lambda\end{vmatrix}=0

Step 2. Expand along row 1:

3(3λ−(−4)(5))−(−2)(2λ−(−4)(4))+(−1)(2⋅5−3⋅4)3(3\lambda-(-4)(5))-(-2)(2\lambda-(-4)(4))+(-1)(2\cdot5-3\cdot4)

=3(3λ+20)+2(2λ+16)−1(10−12)=3(3\lambda+20)+2(2\lambda+16)-1(10-12)

=9λ+60+4λ+32+2=13λ+94=9\lambda+60+4\lambda+32+2=13\lambda+94

Step 3. Set to zero: 13λ+94=0⇒λ=−941313\lambda+94=0 \Rightarrow \lambda=-\dfrac{94}{13}.

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