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Commerce · Ch 3 — Entrepreneurship Development

Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Management

Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Management

Entrepreneurship is essentially about business start-ups and renewals. It appears when a new business is started, recedes for a while as the venture stabilises into an ongoing business, and reappears whenever there is a need to introduce changes in product, market, technology or structure. In developed countries the distinction between the entrepreneurial focus on start-ups and the managerial focus on routine is so sharp that once a project matures the entrepreneur is expected to move out and professional managers to move in. In developing countries such as India, the owner-manager model is more common — the entrepreneur stays attached even to the day-to-day operations, and a lack of managerial skill is often blamed for business failure.

Whether entrepreneurs make way for managers or take on the managerial role themselves, it is still possible to distinguish between entrepreneurship and management, as the table below shows.

Basis of DifferentiationEntrepreneurshipManagement
FocusBusiness start-up.Ongoing operations of an existing business.
Resource orientationThe entrepreneur is not constrained by the resources at hand; the entrepreneur mobilises the resources.A manager is constrained by the resources at his or her disposal.
Approach to the taskInformal.Formal.
Primary motivationAchievement.Power.
Status vis-a-vis the enterpriseOwner.Employee.
Primary economic rewardProfit.Salary.
Innovation orientationChallenges the status quo (the existing).Maintains the status quo.
Risk orientationRisk-taker.Risk-averse.
Approach to decision-makingDriven by inductive logic, personal courage and determination.Driven by deductive logic and research.