Q.Explain the Human Development Index (HDI) and its main dimensions.

HDI was designed specifically to move beyond income alone as a measure of a country's progress.

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistical index developed for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), with major intellectual contributions from economists Mahbub ul Haq and Amartya Sen, to measure a country's average achievement in human development beyond income alone.

HDI combines three basic dimensions:

1. A long and healthy life, measured using life expectancy at birth.
2. Knowledge, measured using a combination of mean years of schooling actually completed by adults and expected years of schooling for children currently entering the education system.
3. A decent standard of living, measured using Gross National Income (GNI) per capita, adjusted for purchasing power parity to allow fair comparison across countries. …

Describing HDI as measuring only income/GDP; its entire purpose is to go BEYOND income by in …