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Q.Name a microbe used for statin production. How do statins lower blood cholesterol level ?
Telangana TsbieTelangana Board of Intermediate Education 2025Subjective· 2mImportance★★★★★
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Start your 14-day free trial to unlock the full solution →The yeast Monascus purpureus is used to produce statins, which lower blood cholesterol by competitively blocking the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase that the body needs to synthesise cholesterol.
Microbe used: Monascus purpureus — a yeast fermented commercially to produce blood-cholesterol-lowering statins.
Mechanism of cholesterol lowering:
Cholesterol synthesis in the liver proceeds through a multi-step pathway in which the rate-limiting step is catalysed by the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase), which converts HMG-CoA to mevalonate.
- Statins have a molecular structure similar to HMG-CoA, so they bind to the active site of HMG-CoA reductase and act as competitive inhibitors, blocking the enzyme from converting HMG-CoA into mevalonate, the next intermediate toward cholesterol.
- By slowing this rate-limiting step, statins reduce the rate of endogenous (liver) cholesterol synthesis. …
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