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Exercises · 16.24

Q.Can you use soaps and synthetic detergents to check the hardness of water ?

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Soap reacts with the Ca2+Ca^{2+} and Mg2+Mg^{2+} ions present in hard water to form an insoluble scum; only after all these ions have been precipitated out does further soap start producing lather. This behaviour — the amount of soap needed before lather appears — can be used as a rough qualitative/quantitative indicator of how hard a water sample is (more soap required ⇒ harder water). …

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