Q.Name the macromolecules that are chosen as drug targets.

Medicinal chemistry chooses macromolecules that play essential, well-defined roles in the body's biochemical machinery as drug targets, since modulating them can produce a predictable therapeutic effect. The two principal classes are:

• Proteins — in the form of enzymes (catalysing specific biochemical reactions; a drug can act as an enzyme inhibitor) and receptors (transmitting chemical signals across cell membranes; a drug can act as an agonist or antagonist).
• Nucleic acids — DNA and RNA, which carry and express genetic information; drugs can intercalate into or otherwise bind nucleic acids to interfere with replication or transcription (important, for example, in some anticancer and antiviral drugs).

Recall the two macromolecule categories medicinal chemistry targets: proteins (subdivided into enzymes and receptors) and nucleic acids.

• Omitting nucleic acids and naming only enzymes.
• Listing carbohydrates/lipids as the primary targets instead of proteins and nucleic acids.