Q.Write notes on controlled breeding.

MOET induces a cow to release multiple eggs at once, which are fertilised and the resulting embryos transferred into surrogate mothers — greatly increasing successful offspring production compared to ordinary AI.

While Artificial Insemination (AI) alone has a fairly low success rate, the technique of Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology (MOET) is used to substantially improve the chances of successful hybrid/offspring production in cattle.

How it works:

1. A cow (the genetically superior donor) is administered hormones with FSH-like activity, inducing superovulation — the release of 6–8 eggs instead of the usual one per cycle.
2. The animal is either mated with a genetically superior (elite) bull or artificially inseminated.
3. The fertilised eggs (early embryos, at the 8–32 cell stage) are collected non-surgically from the donor's uterus.
4. These embryos are transferred into surrogate mother cows, which carry the pregnancies to term.
5. Meanwhile, the original donor cow becomes available for another round of superovulation and embryo collection. …