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Example · Example 5
Q.

Find the variance and standard deviation of the following discrete frequency distribution:

xix_i246810
fif_i35741
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Here xi:2,4,6,8,10x_i:2,4,6,8,10 and fi:3,5,7,4,1f_i:3,5,7,4,1, so N=3+5+7+4+1=20N=3+5+7+4+1=20. Now ∑fixi=2(3)+4(5)+6(7)+8(4)+10(1)=6+20+42+32+10=110\sum f_ix_i = 2(3)+4(5)+6(7)+8(4)+10(1)=6+20+42+32+10=110, giving xˉ=11020=5.5\bar x=\dfrac{110}{20}=5.5. Using the shortcut identity, ∑fixi2=22(3)+42(5)+62(7)+82(4)+102(1)=12+80+252+256+100=700\sum f_ix_i^2=2^2(3)+4^2(5)+6^2(7)+8^2(4)+10^2(1)=12+80+252+256+100=700, so σ2=70020−5.52=35−30.25=4.75\sigma^2=\dfrac{700}{20}-5.5^2=35-30.25=4.75. (As a cross-check by the direct method: the deviations xi−xˉx_i-\bar x are −3.5,−1.5,0.5,2.5,4.5-3.5,-1.5,0.5,2.5,4.5, with squares 12.25,2.25,0.25,6.25,20.2512.25,2.25,0.25,6.25,20.25; weightin …

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