Q.Write briefly about the effect of training on a. Lung Volume b. Heart rate
Training roughly doubles vital lung capacity over time, while lowering resting heart rate even as exercise heart rate still rises as needed.
a. Lung Volume. Section 7.3.2 lists "Increased Lung volume" as a long-term effect: "Continuous exercises done for long duration help to increase the capacity and volume of lungs. Vital capacity increases almost 100% as compared to that of a normal individual." This comes alongside increased efficiency of the respiratory muscles, increased pulmonary diffusion, and increased residual volume - together letting a trained person move much more air per breath.
b. Heart Rate. Short-term, during any single bout of exercise, heart rate rises to meet the muscles' oxygen demand - this does not change with training. What changes long-term is the RESTING heart rate: section 7.3.1 explains that "due to improved efficiency of the heart, it is required to pump less blood to meet the needs of the body. As a result, the heart rate at rest decreases" - a condition the book calls bradycardia. So training lowers resting heart rate even while exercise heart rate behaves the same way it always did.
a. Training increases lung (vital) capacity by almost 100% over an untrained individual. b. Training decreases resting heart rate (bradycardia), through a more efficient heart, even though heart rate during exercise still rises as needed.
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