Q.What is Residual Volume?
Residual volume - the air left in the lungs after a forceful exhale - increases with regular exercise.
Section 7.3.2 defines residual volume as "the volume of air that remains in the lungs after forceful expiration." You can never empty your lungs completely, even trying as hard as possible, and that leftover air is the residual volume. The book lists "Increased Residual Volume" as a long-term effect of exercise: "Regular exercise increases residual volume that helps to exchange the gases in normal limits" - part of the broader long-term increase in lung capacity and efficiency that training produces.
Residual volume is the air remaining in the lungs after a forceful exhale; it increases with regular exercise, helping normal gas exchange.
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