Q.Explain the different tools and technologies used in e-Learning.

E-Learning relies on several kinds of software and content, each doing a particular job in running an online course.

E-Learning is made possible by a range of tools and technologies. It is best to learn them by the function each performs, because the same function is offered by many different products.

1. Learning Management System (LMS). Software that hosts and manages a course — delivering lesson content, setting and collecting assignments and quizzes, recording each learner's progress and marks, and enabling communication. It is the electronic 'campus' that ties an e-Learning course together.
2. Virtual classroom and video-conferencing tools. Software that lets a teacher run a live online class with audio, video, a shared screen or whiteboard, and a chat window, so learners in different places attend together (this supports synchronous learning).
3. Multimedia and content tools. Recorded video lessons, audio recordings and podcasts, animations, presentations, e-books and electronic notes that carry the subject content to the learner in an engaging form.
4. Online assessment tools. Software for setting quizzes, tests and assignments online, often marking them automatically and giving instant feedback so learners know their progress.
5. Communication and collaboration tools. E-mail, discussion forums, instant messaging and shared group-work spaces through which learners and teachers interact and help one another (these often support asynchronous learning).
6. MOOC platforms (Massive Open Online Courses). Online platforms — including the government's own free MOOC platform SWAYAM and the NPTEL courses — that deliver complete courses to very large numbers of learners, usually free or low-cost and often with certificates.
7. Digital content repositories and digital libraries. Online stores of educational content, such as the government's e-content and national digital library resources, from which learners can freely download study material. …

Naming private brand products instead of describing the tool by its function, or confusing an LMS (which manages a whole course) with a mere video-conferencing t …