Economics · Class 12 Commerce
Ch 5Poverty — Class 12 Economics, concept-first.
Poverty is one of the most serious socio-economic problems facing the Indian economy, and it forms a core part of the Gujarat Std-12 Economics syllabus on economic development.
Key concepts
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Poverty
Poverty is a state of deprivation in which a person or household cannot secure the minimum basic necessities — adequate food, clothing, shelter, health, and education — needed for a decent standard of living.
Most relevant Q&A
- What is meant by poverty? Explain briefly the different ways in which economists look at poverty.Free
- "Poverty is both a cause and a consequence of underdevelopment." Discuss.Preview
- Which state has the lowest poverty in the year 2013 in India? (a) (A) Bihar (b) (B) Chhattisgarh (c) (C) Maharashtra (d) (D) GoaPreview
- Discuss any five indicators of poverty.Preview
Chapter contents
The NCERT structure, section by section. Open a section to see its questions, then read the concept-first solution.
Meaning and Concept of Poverty
Poverty is one of the most serious socio-economic problems facing the Indian economy, and it forms a core part of the Gujarat Std-12 Economics syllabus on economic development.
Absolute Poverty and Relative Poverty
Economists commonly distinguish between two broad concepts of poverty — absolute poverty and relative poverty.
The Poverty Line in India
The poverty line is the officially defined minimum level of income or consumption expenditure that is considered necessary to satisfy the basic needs of an individual.
Causes of Poverty in India
Poverty in India is the result of several interacting economic, social, and historical factors. For a GSHSEB commerce-stream answer, causes are best organised under a few broad heads:
Anti-Poverty Programmes in India
The Government of India has, since Independence, run a wide range of anti-poverty and rural/urban employment programmes.
Exercises
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- Q1What is meant by poverty? Explain briefly the different ways in which economists look at poverty.Free
- Q2Distinguish between absolute poverty and relative poverty.Free
- Q3What is meant by the poverty line? Briefly describe how it has been estimated in India.Free
- Q4Which committee first based India's poverty line on a minimum calorie-intake norm of 2,400 kcal (rural) and 2,100 kcal (urban) per person pe…Preview
- Q5Explain the main causes of poverty in India.Preview
- Q6"Rapid population growth is one of the major causes of poverty in India." Explain.Preview
- Q7Explain any four anti-poverty programmes launched by the Government of India, along with their objectives.Preview
- Q8What is MGNREGA? Explain its main objectives.Preview
- Q9MGNREGA guarantees how many days of wage employment per rural household per year? (a) 80 days (b) 100 days (c) 120 days (d) 150 daysPreview
- Q11"Poverty is both a cause and a consequence of underdevelopment." Discuss.Preview
Sample & Board Papers
Sample papers and previous-year board questions for this subject.
+−Show 22 questionsHide questions22 questions
- Q1Give the full form of IRDP.Preview
- Q2Explain in short National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (NREGA).Preview
- Q3Explain the concept of Relative Poverty with appropriate example.Preview
- Q4Discuss the steps taken by India to reduce poverty during planning period. OR What is poverty? Explain its indicators.Preview
- Q5What amount of monthly rupees are decided by Tendulkar committee in the year 2011-12 for deciding poverty line in rural areas? (a) (A) 816 (…Preview
- Q6Which state has the lowest poverty in the year 2013 in India? (a) (A) Bihar (b) (B) Chhattisgarh (c) (C) Maharashtra (d) (D) GoaPreview
- Q7Explain the concept of Relative Poverty with the help of an example.Preview
- Q8Explain the limitations of poverty line.Preview
- Q9Give the information about Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Act [MGNREGA].Preview
- Q10Explain the economic causes of poverty.Preview
- Q11How many minimum daily calories per person per day is decided by Indian Council of Medical Research for rural area? (a) 2100 (b) 2300 (c) 24…Preview
- Q12In which year "Pradhanmantri Jan Dhan Yojana" began? (a) 1991 (b) 1995 (c) 2014 (d) 2001Preview
- Q13Which uniform method is used to measure absolute poverty for the different nations?Preview
- Q14Explain the economic causes of poverty. [Any 3]Preview
- Q15Explain employment oriented programme for poverty eradication. [Any 3]Preview
- Q16Which state has the lowest poverty in the year 2013 in India? (a) Bihar (b) Gujarat (c) Rajasthan (d) GoaPreview
- Q17In which year Prime Minister Awas Yojana was started? (a) 2013 (b) 2014 (c) 2015 (d) 2016Preview
- Q18Explain the concept of Relative Poverty.Preview
- Q19What was the amount of per capita monthly consumption expenditure estimated by the Tendulkar Committee as a determinant of poverty line for…Preview
- Q20What is the measure of absolute poverty in India?Preview
- Q21Discuss any three measures to reduce poverty in India.Preview
- Q22Discuss any five indicators of poverty.Preview