Q.F. W. Taylor's principle that replaces guesswork and rule-of-thumb methods on the shop floor with methods derived from observation, measurement and analysis is known as: (A) Harmony, not discord
(B) Cooperation, not individualism
(C) Science, not rule of thumb
(D) Development of every person to their greatest efficiency and prosperity

Scientific Management was developed by F. W. Taylor — option (d).

Frederick Winslow Taylor applied scientific analysis to work — time study, motion study, standardisation and a fair day's work — to raise industrial efficiency, earning him the title "Father of Scientific Management."

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F.W. Taylor is regarded as the Father of Scientific Management.

Scientific Management means applying scientific methods — observation, measurement and analysis — to the way work is done, instead of relying on rule-of-thumb or guesswork. Frederick Winslow Taylor, an American engineer, pioneered this approach through his time study and motion study experiments to find the 'one best way' of doing a job, and to raise efficiency and productivity.

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The correct option is F.W. Taylor, who is known as the Father of Scientific Management.

Scientific Management is the approach that applies scientific methods to the study of work in order to find the 'one best way' of doing a job. Before this approach, managers relied on rule-of-thumb (trial-and-error) methods, which wasted time, effort and money.

Frederick Winslow Taylor, an American mechanical engineer, studied work systematically at the shop-floor level and developed techniques such as time study, motion study, fatigue study, standardisation of tools, differential piece-rate wages and functional foremanship. His aim was to increase productivity and ensure prosperity for both the employer and the worker.

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