Q.What is the influence of particle size of reacting solid on rate of a chemical reaction ?

Collision theory explains reaction rates at the molecular level: reactant molecules must collide to react, but the total collision rate in a gas is vastly (many powers of ten) larger than the observed reaction rate, so most collisions fail. Two conditions must BOTH be met for a collision to succeed: (1) the colliding molecules must together possess kinetic energy equal to or greater than the activation energy $E_a$ -- the fraction that qualify is $f=e^{-E_a/RT}$, e.g. only about $7\times10^{-14}$ of collisions at 298 K with $E_a=75$ kJ/mol; and (2) beyond the simplest molecules, the colliding species must also be correctly ORIENTED relative to each other so the reacting atoms/groups can actually approach -- e.g. for $A+C{-}B\rightarrow A{-}B+C$, only an approach with B (not C) facing A can succeed. A catalyst increases rate by lowering $E_a$ via an alternative pathway, which sharply increases the energy-qualifying fraction $f$ at the same temperature.