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II. Short Answer Questions · Q15

Q.What are the rotational equivalents for the physical quantities,

(i) mass and
(ii) force?
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Step 1. Mass ↔ moment of inertia. Just as mass mm measures a body's resistance to a change in linear motion, moment of inertia I=∑miri2I=\sum m_ir_i^2 measures its resistance to a change in rotational motion — it plays the exact role mass plays in Newton's second law, but for rotation.

Step 2. Force ↔ torque. Just as force FF produces linear acceleration via F=maF=ma, torque τ\tau produces angular acceleration via τ=Iα\tau=I\alpha — torque is the rotational counterpart of force, being the 'turning' cause exactly as force is the 'pushing' cause. …

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