Q.Describe the procedure a consumer must follow to file a complaint before a redressal body, and state the reliefs that may be granted.

This question combines two closely related ideas — how a complaint is filed, and what a consumer can actually get out of a successful complaint — so a full answer should cover both parts clearly.

Procedure. A consumer wishing to file a complaint prepares a written statement (some jurisdictions permit electronic filing) addressed to the appropriate District, State, or National body, chosen according to the value of the claim and the location of the parties or the grievance. The complaint should clearly set out what was purchased or what service was availed, the exact nature of the defect, deficiency, or unfair trade practice complained of, and the relief the consumer is seeking. It must be supported by relevant documents, such as the bill, warranty card, and any prior correspondence with the seller, since these form the evidence on which the complaint is decided. Filing typically involves no court fee or only a small nominal fee, and the consumer is free to appear in person without engaging a lawyer. Once the complaint is admitted, the body issues notice to the opposite party, both sides are given an opportunity to present their case and evidence, and the body then passes a reasoned order. If either side is dissatisfied, they may appeal to the next higher tier within the time allowed by law.

Reliefs. If the complaint is proved, the redressal body can order one or more of a range of remedies suited to the facts: removal of the defect in the goods; replacement of the defective goods with new goods free from defect; refund of the price paid, in full or proportionately; compensation for any loss or injury suffered due to the opposite party's negligence; a direction to discontinue an unfair or restrictive trade practice and not repeat it; withdrawal of hazardous goods from sale where safety is at risk; and an award of the cost of the proceedings to the successful party. The specific relief ordered depends on the seriousness and nature of the proven grievance — a minor issue may attract a simple fix or partial refund, while a serious deficiency may justify full replacement or substantial compensation.

Students often answer only the procedure or only the reliefs when a question asks for both — read the question carefully and structure the answer in two clearly separated parts to ensure both components are addressed for full marks.