Q.What is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) ?

CCS is a technology that captures CO2 from industrial emission sources and stores it permanently underground, to keep it out of the atmosphere and reduce global warming.

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), sometimes called carbon capture and sequestration, is an engineered approach to reducing the amount of carbon dioxide reaching the atmosphere from major fossil-fuel-burning sources such as coal- or gas-fired power plants, cement plants, and other heavy industry. The process typically involves three stages:

1. Capture: CO2 is separated from the other flue gases at the emission source, using chemical solvents, membranes, or other capture technologies, before it can be released into the atmosphere.
2. Transport: the captured, compressed CO2 is transported (most commonly via dedicated pipelines, though also by ship in some cases) to a suitable storage site.
3. Storage: the CO2 is injected deep underground into stable geological formations capable of holding it permanently and safely -- for example, depleted oil and gas reservoirs, deep saline aquifers, or unminable coal seams -- typically at depths of a kilometre or more, where the overlying rock layers act as a cap preventing the gas from escaping back to the surface. …