Q.Write the key features of organic farming.

Organic farming replaces synthetic agrochemicals with biological inputs and sustainable practices to protect soil and ecosystem health.

Instead of chemical fertilizers, organic farming uses biofertilizers -- living microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium and Azotobacter, and phosphate-solubilising microbes -- along with compost and animal manure to enrich soil fertility naturally; in place of synthetic pesticides, it uses biopesticides and biological control agents (such as Bacillus thuringiensis-based products or predatory/parasitic insects) to manage pests with much less environmental toxicity. Organic farming further emphasises practices such as crop rotation, mixed cropping and maintaining biodiversity within the farm, which together reduce pest build-up, maintain soil structure and fertility over the long term, an …