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Exercise 11.5 · Q15

Q.81+x+41−x2x\dfrac{8^{1+x}+4^{1-x}}{2^{x}}

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Rewriting both terms with base 22 and dividing by 2x2^x turns this into a sum of two ordinary exponential integrals.

Step 1. Rewrite 81+x8^{1+x}. 81+x=8⋅8x=8⋅23x8^{1+x}=8\cdot8^x=8\cdot2^{3x}; dividing by 2x2^x gives 8⋅22x=8⋅4x8\cdot2^{2x}=8\cdot4^x.

Step 2. Rewrite 41−x4^{1-x}. 41−x=4⋅4−x=4⋅2−2x4^{1-x}=4\cdot4^{-x}=4\cdot2^{-2x}; dividing by 2x2^x gives 4⋅2−3x=4⋅8−x4\cdot2^{-3x}=4\cdot8^{-x}.

Step 3. So the integrand is 8⋅4x+4⋅8−x8\cdot4^x+4\cdot8^{-x}.

Step 4. Integrate each exponential. ∫8⋅4xdx=8⋅4xlog⁡4\displaystyle\int8\cdot4^xdx=\dfrac{8\cdot4^x}{\log4}, ∫4⋅8−xdx=4⋅8−x−log⁡8=−4⋅8−xlog⁡8\displaystyle\int4\cdot8^{-x}dx=\dfrac{4\cdot8^{-x}}{-\log8}=-\dfrac{4\cdot8^{-x}}{\log8}. …

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